Oil burner



H. F. DANIELS Julie 15, 1937.

OIL BURNER led Aug; 3, 1936 INVENTOR ATTORNEY atented .Fune 15, 1937pistares OIL BURNER Application August a, 1936, semi No. 94,0415

4 @lalms.

. This vention relates to oil burners, and particularly to devices forvaporizing and burning Diesel, and other heavy oils, in an open mouthedvessel.

In many attempts to provide heat from suchheavy oils, various deviceshave been tried for vaporizing pools of oil in the bottoms of vesselswith open tops. Such devices when placed in fireboxes of stoves andranges etc., discharge the flames from theoil upward and but a shortdistance till they strike the under surfaces of the stove covers. Suchflames are thus confined to only a small area, soon cooled, against suchcovers; carbon particles also soon collect under 35 such covers, andretard the heating effect of such flames.

Efiorts have also been made to vaporize a pool of oil in the lowerportion of such open topped vessels, by fanning flames downward. But in29 such practices the iron metal used for economy for the retainer issoon destroyed. And in order to provide such vessels at a reasonablecost it has been found that a metal more costly than iron therefor hasbeen prohibitive. Again in such forms of vessels the oil covers theentire bottoms, and the oil receives very little heat from contact withthe enclosing metal for vaporization thereof. After numerous experimentsI have discovered that a device provided with a bowl or vessel for oil,and a mouth opening from a side thereof will discharge the flames fromsuch oils a consider= able relative distance horizontally. Such deviceswhen placed within or opening into a stove or other heater will projectthe flames beneath the entire cover of the firebox, and at the same timeburn practically all of the carbon formed.

I have found also that by using such an oil vessel or bowl with asloping bottom and placing over the bottom of such bowl an auxiliaryheating plate of bronze, brass, or other suitable metal of good heatconductivity will permit the use of iron or other cheap metal for theconstruction of the remainder of the device. Said heating plate must beformed of material which will not soon scale 5 or; burn away by extremeheat.

It is therefore an object of this invention, to provide an efiectivedevice for vaporizing and burning heavy oils. Such device to be formedprincipally of low cost metal for economical 50 production of heat fordomestic and other uses.

Another object is to provide such a heating device formed with doublewalls and air spaces between the same, and the inner wall mounted on aslope, with the lower end thereof near the bot-= 55 tom wall and thehigher end terminating as a jaw spaced above such lower jaw, with rowsof m holes inside and outside said upper jaw, together with aperturesfor flow of air into and through such spaces between said walls and outthrough such holes, with additional holes through such inner wall toprovide air for 15 burning.

With these and other objects hereinafter shown, I have illustrativelyexemplified my invention by the accompanying drawing of which Figure 1is an isometric view, taken from above, showing the device assembledwith part of a stove,

Figure 2 shows a side elevation with a side wall removed to disclose theinterior,

Figure 3 is a top plan sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2, and

Figure 4 is an isometric view taken from below, with part of side wallremoved to show the interior.

Like numerals on the difierent figures represent like parts. 30

Numeral 5 re'fers'to the top wall, 6 refers to the bottom and l to theback wall; such walls being preferably formed of one piece of sheetmetal bent into the shapes shown in Figures 1 and 4. Figures 8 and 9refer to the upper and lower portions respectively of the front face,and are also preferably of one piece of sheet metal, and

the portion thereof between such face sections is bent backward in formof an open triangle it within said outer' walls, as shown in Figure 2.,40 The lower edge of such upper section 8 and the upper portion of suchlower section 9 where bent inward, provide upper and lower jaws ii andi2, spaced apart to provide a mouth it, from which flames are expelledfor heating purposes.

The side edges of the triangle are afllxed to outer side walls it andIt, to provide enclosed air spaces W between said top, bottom and rearwalls and the triangular inner walls.

Apertures for entrance of air to the spaces are shown as it, through thebottom It through an'adjustable damper plate 36 and it" through abracket for supporting the damper, and its handie 3t. Exit holes for airare shown as W through the upper corner of the triangle, i8

' Short tion of the triangle or bowl from a feed pipe 23,

leading from a suitable or ordinary constant level valve (not necessaryto be shown) in a chamber 24.

A supply pipe 25 may be carried to any suitable supply tank 26, abovethe valve. A'heating plate 21 of bronze or other suitable metal isadjustably mounted along the top of the floor of the triangle', with thelower end thereof immersed in the fuel oil 22 and the upper endterminating inside of the row of holes l8 in the lower lip. cheek plates28 and 29 close the mouth for a'short distance at each side thereof.Said heating plate 2'! is formed of suitable width to be passed into aproper position through the remaining width of the mouth and so coversthe floor of the triangle for such width.

An ordinary damper plate 34 with operable handle 34' may be provided forregulating and opening and closing the air apertures l6 and I6 and a fannot necessary to be shown may be also provided for forcing air throughsuch apertures to increase the draft for extreme degrees of heating.Such a device will, however, operate by natural flow of air, when theoil in the vessel is ignited. p

- In use the front end of the device may be placed through any entranceor doorway as 3i, of any stove or range, and the flames will flow-fromsaid mouth along the length of an ordinary flre box, and so heat theentire surface as 32, of the stove, or the bottom of any cooking utensilthat may be positioned over an opening or lid, as 33.

While I have described the device in connection with a stove, or range,for illustration, it may be applied to the outside of a. hot water tankcoils or otherwise where economical heating is desired.

In operation a suitable supply of Diesel or other suitable fuel oilpasses through the valve into the lower portion, or heating bowl of thetriangle. The oil is then suitably ignited, and the suction of theflames draws a sufficient additional supply of air into the interior ofthe triangle through the apertures i6 and through the upper holes I! forcombustion.

As the flames increase, and flow from the mouth l3, more air is drawnthrough such apertures and the space 30 around the triangle, which airflows out through all of the holes lI-IB, l9

and 20, to fan the flames and increase the vaporization of the oil inthe vessel bowl. This again increases the heat to be provided fordomestic or other suitable uses.

The rows of holes Hand 20 tend to fan and carry the flames away from thesurface of the iron heater to protect the same and the air flowingthrough the area 30 tends to prevent the iron from burning. The checkplates and air currents I from .holes is cause the flames inside themouth to eddy backward and down upon the oil, and particularly upon theheating element or plate 21,

thus rapidly vaporizing the oil for increasing the v flames and heat.

Having described my invention I claim as new:

1. A heating device for vaporizing andburnaoeaese ing heavy oils,comprising a receptacle with outside walls in substantially rectangularform of sheet metal, the top, back, bottom and sides substantiallyclosed, sections of sheet metal across the upper and lower portions ofthe front and provided with a mouth opening horizontally between suchsections, jaws along the upper and lower edges of such sectionsrespectively, and such front sections of metal bent backward and inwardfrom such mouth substantially as an open triangle forming inner wallsfor the top bottom and back of said device and spaced apart from saidouter walls, to provide air spaces between the same, the inner and lowerportion of such triangular wall adapted for retaining oil to bevaporized, and the remainder of the interior of said triangular wallssurrounding a chamber adapted for mixing vapor from said 011 with airand for burning the same, the upper said air spaces for passage of airinto said chamber to facilitate the vaporizing and burning of such oil,said upper jaw provided with holes along the outer edge thereof and saidlower jaw provided with holes along the top thereof both for the passageof air from such spaces for fanning, increasing and spreading the flamesfrom such oil when burned, together with a metal plate of heatconducting qualities superior to that of said interior and outer walls,resting on the floor of such chamber to facilitate the rapid heating andvaporization of such oil, and means for feeding oil into said chamberand air into such spaces.

2. A device for vaporizing and burning heavy oils, comprising, a metalretainer with double walls around the top, bottom and back, the outerwalls thereof in substantially rectangular form, and inner walls ofsubstantially triangular form, both provided with an open mouthacrossthe front side thereof centrally disposed between an upper and lowerclosing wall over such front, the

lower portion of such inner triangular walls on with outer walls ofsubstantially rectangular form, and provided with interior walls ofsubstantially triangular form surrounding a chamber for vaporizing andburning oil therein, such chamber provided with a mouth on the frontside of said receptacle adapted to discharge flames horizontallytherefrom, means for feeding oil into the lower portion of said chamberand means for feeding air into the upper portions of said chamber toprovide such flames by the combustion of said air and oil.

4. A device for vaporizing and burning heavy oils, comprising a heatingreceptacle provided with a discharge mouth positioned horizontallyacross the central portion of the front thereof, an inner fioor in saidreceptacle positioned on a slope downward from said mouth to provide abowl for oil to be vaporized, and a heating plate resting on such floorand above the oil at one end thereof and beneath such oil at the otherend thereof for heating and vaporizing said oil.

HERBERT F. DANIELS.

